Tutorials Authority is Constructed and Contextual Who is considered an authority and the level of authority required depend on the situation and the information need. Information Creation as a Process The process that goes into creating an information product can be an indicator of its quality. Information has Value Information has social, educational, economic and legal value. Research as Inquiry Research is an iterative process. Scholarship as Conversation Scholarship is a discourse between and among competing voices that shapes a discipline over time. Searching as Strategic Exploration Searching requires an open mind and the flexibility to adjust strategies as the research topic and search itself evolves.